Human vision, visual correction, and visual science

29

May

Optometrist father — helps son avoid entry into myopia.

Subject: The safety of the plus — for true prevention.

In the discussion below, an optometrist states that his father (also
an OD) INSISTED that the child wear the plus in a preventive role.

The result was that this ODs refractive STATE remained postive and he
had no “refractive” problem during the school years.

There are people who ask me about the “safety” of the plus. There can
hardly be a more powerful statement about the safety of a plus — when
and OD provides it to his own child.

Paul’s father insisted he use a strong plus. His refractive
STATE moved positive — which is an effective PREVENTIVE
FOR MYOPIA.

I STRONGLY OBJECT to calling a natural and very valuable
POSTIVE REFRACTIVE STATE a “disaster”, a “bad thing”, “defective”
and such things.

If you want true PREVENTION, then you MUST maintain a positive
state (measure with Snellen and trial-lens), and the protective
refractive STATE should be at least 1/2 diopters.

Stop calling what is normal and essential “bad” — and we
could understand what we are doing.

Otis

=================

Question >> Also, is there such a thing as a progressive hyperope?

Harris>Yes.

Stacy> Well that’s news to me. Every moderate to high hyperope (~
+2 D. and up) I ever ran into was about as stable as the
Rock of Gibraltar.

Progressive hyperopia???

Maybe it’s just semantics, but I don’t think so…

William Stacy, O.D.

++++++++++

This plus was used on Paul by his father in the “William Ludlam”
study.

Question>>> Also, is there such a thing as a progressive hyperope?

Harris>> Yes.

Stacy >Well that’s news to me. Every moderate to high hyperope (~
+2 D. and up) I ever ran into was about as stable as the
Rock of Gibraltar.

Question>Progressive hyperopia???

Harris> Yes… This is the development of adverse hyperopia. The
cause most often is as a secondary iatrogenic disease caused
by the overzealous prescribing of plus.

I know you and others will say if a good cycloplegic were
done…. and things like ….latent hyperopia…..

I was a subject in a longitudinal study for 5 years as a
child. All this plus, A-Scans, Purkinje images measures of radius
of curvature of front cornea, rear cornea, front lens, rear lens,
anthropomophic measures, IOP, wet and dry refractions, full 21
point analytical and more were done every 6 months for 5 years. I
have the data on myself.

At no point did I ever show hyperopia more than +1.00 to
+1.25.

After the study at age 15 I started wearing single vision
plus to play chess and this was upped and upped.

NOTE: I was measured with a 14 to 1 ACA ratio. 16 eso at
near through whatever distance lens of the time and 2 eso with
+1.00 add over that.

The standard theory was “push plus”. This was done and I
ended up at one point wearing +2.25 OD/ +2.50 OS with a +1.50 add
for 10 years. I measured well up in +3.00 range when my father
(my optometrist then) was done with me.

There was no latent hyperopia over the +1.00. The additional
amounts were built up slowly over time in response to my
optometric care.

Once I did VT 13 years ago I now wear just some plus for near
and nothing for distance. My subjective now is +1.25 OU which I
choose not to wear and do great.

In fact I now see better than ever. ***

I hope this explains a bit a very big subject which I am
fully aware of there will be little agreement on from the
conventional eye-care establishment. Please give me some other
alternative to understand the above findings over time. I also
have basic optometric data on me from the age of 6 months.

Paul Harris, O.D., F.C.O.V.D., F.A.C.B.O.

Director, Baltimore Academy for Behavioral Optometry

*** There is no doubt that through this period of “plus use” and
“hyperopia improvement” Paul was at 20/20 for distance.
Further the “range of accommodation” (at least 6 diopters)
would take care of ALL NEAR WORK WITH NO PLUS ON. OSB

==========
Harris> I hope this explains a bit a very big subject which I am
fully aware of there will be little agreement on from the
conventional eye-care establishment. Please give me some
other alternative to understand the above findings over time.
I also have basic optometric data on me from the age of 6
months.

Stacy> Very interesting data. Very interesting study (Was it
published?).

I can believe you went from +1 to +2.5 or so (the 3 was
likely over-zealous plus pushing), although I’d call it unusual,
and certainly not like anything I’ve observed in young hyperopes
over the years.

It’s still a far cry from the 8 or 10 D. or more of change
in the progressive (aka pathologic) myopes. I’d choose a
different name, if you must have a name for such an occurrence,
for consistency.

Maybe “hyperopia creep”? “Far-sighted slip”?

I can’t resist: “the incredible shrinking eye”?? ###

Bill

William Stacy

### I would call it VERY VALUABLE CHANGE IN REFRACTIVE STATE — TO
PROTECT YOUR DISTANT VISION FOR LIFE. OSB

((((((((((((((((((((((((((

Stacy> Very interesting data. Very interesting study (Was it
published?).

Harris> Yes in several places. Chief investigator was Bill
Ludlum. The study was so large that it was reported in
sections. Most appeared in the academy journal and others in
the Journal of the AOA. I don’t have the references handy
but could look them up if you wish. My case was lumped into
the 500 or so subjects that were followed.

Stacy> I can believe you went from +1 to +2.5 or so (the 3 was
likely over-zealous plus pushing), although I’d call it
unusual, and certainly not like anything I’ve observed in
young hyperopes over the years.

Stacy> It’s still a far cry from the 8 or 10 D. or more of change
in the progressive (aka pathologic) myopes.

Harris> I agree here fully. The +8 and +10 generally occur
following a different mechanism. Most of which occurs very
early, 18-36 months usually.

Stacy> I’d choose a different name, if you must have a name for
such an occurrence, for consistency.

Stacy> Maybe “hyperopia creep”? “Far-sighted slip”?

Stacy > I can’t resist: “the incredible shrinking eye”??

Harris> We just use “adverse hyperopia”. Hope that suffices. ****

Paul Harris, O.D., F.C.O.V.D., F.A.C.B.O.

Director, Baltimore Academy for Behavioral Optometry

**** I would call is a situation of great value, having a positive
refractive STATE — which you measure yourself as Paul did.
This shows that FORCED CHANGE in the AVERAGE of accommodation
results in a positive change in the refractive STATE of the
natural eye. This is EXACTLY the results achieved by Earl
Smith in the pure-science primate eye study. Both the human
and primate eye behave the SAME WAY — for the same reason.
OSB

Harris >references handy but could look them up if you wish. My
case was lumped into the 500 or so subjects that were
followed.

Stacy> That would be great. I’m sure others on s.m.v. would like
to see it too. I do have a quick question about it.

What instrumentation was used to measure the Purkinje images,
yielding what kind of accuracy on the various radii?

Harris> We just use “adverse hyperopia”. Hope that suffices.

Stacy> Another obvious question is how many cases of adverse
hyperopic changes (increases) did the study find, and in what
amounts?

Thanks

Bill

William Stacy

=============

I hope you enjoy this discussion. It proved my point in many
ways.

Very sharp vision (20/20), and a slight postive STATE, should not be
called “adverse hyperopia”.

An optometrist can’t help the general public with true prevention.

But he can help his own son AVOID ENTRY.

Enjoy,

Otis

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29

May

For Layman Jan.

Dear Jan,

As an Engineer — you are a Layman.

As an Optometrist — I am a Layman.

If you want to exchange information — you don’t start a conversation
that way.

Enjoy,

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29

May

Why I expect NOTHING from Jan

Dear Jan,

Subject: The public’s rejection of the preventive plus.

It is obvious, that the actual responsiblity for plus-prevention must
involved BOTH the person’s education and motivation.

The "minus" is very EASY. In fact, I could teach an engineer how to
use a trial-lens kit — in about a week.

And he would probably be bored in the last four days of instruction.

Putting a "minus" in front of the eye, and IMPRESSING the person takes
no meaningful skill — but with all fairness to you, Jan, it is the
ONLY THING THAT WORKS IN AN OFFICE.

So yes, Jan, I understand the issue below.

The problem is that you do not,

Prevention best,

===========

WHY ISN’T THE PREVENTATIVE APPROACH OFFERED?

With this type of scientific understanding of the eye’s behavior, you
would think that the insightful and motivated optometrist or
ophthalmologist could introduce a practical and effective method of
solution. Dr. Jacob Raphaelson did exactly that in the following
example — with the following result:

THE PRINTER’S SON

It was the year 1904 that I met a mother at a social lodge meeting.
She told me about her son’s trouble with his eyes in school. I gave
her my card and told her to bring him to my office and I would fit him
with a pair of spectacles.

She said that she had no money at the time and that her husband was a
printer working in another city. She did not expect him home for the
next six weeks. I told her all this would not matter, that she should
bring the boy over and I would fit him with a pair of spectacles. I
told her that she could pay for them when her husband returned home.

She brought the boy in and I examined his eyes. I found that his
vision for distance was poor. It was less than 20/40. I made him a
pair of plus 1.00 diopter spectacles. She was to pay me when her
husband came back home.

In about six weeks she came back and returned the glasses to me. She
stated that her husband was provoked with her for getting the glasses.
He had tried the boy’s eyes with different prints, far and near, and
had found him to have perfect vision with his naked eyes. In fact, she
said, the boy could see even better without the glasses than with
them.

I was surprised that the plus lens could produce recovery that
quickly. I could hardly believe this story. I persuaded the mother to
bring the boy back to let me check to see if he could really see well
with his naked eyes. She again brought the boy in and I checked his
vision. I found that the father was indeed right. The boy had good
eyes, with 20/20 vision and better.

I was in a dilemma. I did not have the nerve to say anything to the
mother. I just let her go. How was I to prove that the boy had poor
vision before he received his glasses? And who would believe that
vision could be restored by just wearing a pair of plus 1.00 glasses
for a few weeks?

My experience with the printer’s son aroused my inborn tendency for
exploration. It gave me an incentive to try to do special work on
children’s eyes and on vision restoration. It also enticed me to
investigate myopic (nearsighted) eyes because I was myself
nearsighted.

On the other hand, this experience was a warning to be cautious in
doing such work. For selling spectacles to persons who, supposedly,
did not need them was almost a crime. And the fitting of glasses
without the advice or consent of a medical doctor to unhealthy or
diseased eyes, or even to an unhealthy person who might need or be
under medical attention, was, and is now, and encroachment on the
medical profession.

To shield myself against possible enmity and involvement, I took the
following precautions: First, I quit using the title ‘doctor’ in any
form, in print or verbally. I was to be known as a spectacle fitter
and nothing more. Second, I charged a reasonable price for the
spectacles I sold but nothing extra for any special work or relief I
gave. I did not advertise about this special work. I just did it as a
matter of routine whenever or wherever I was given the opportunity.

Thus in 1904 I became an independent researcher on the relationship of
the eye’s behavior to spectacles, vision, and health. I have kept it
up, and will continue to do this work as long as I continue to have
the incentive and capability.

Who would believe it? Who would believe that by just wearing a pair of
plus one (+1.00) glasses for a few weeks, that normal vision to the
naked eye could be restored to children whose eyes have a negative
focal state? This was true in 1904, and it is also true now, in this
decade of 1950.

==========

So yes, Jan, the public ONLY understands the impressive quick-fix of
the minus lens.

But we now have a huge number of people seriously myopic — and it is
only getting worse.

And all you are doing is defending the "staus quo".

Enjoy,

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26

May

Scientific Freedom of Speech — Denied. By Dr. Kaisu Viikari

There is no doubt but that plus-prevention is difficult. But to deny
EVEN THE
RIGHT TO DISCUSS THE SUBJECT — is tragic beyond belief.

But this is what happens when Dr. Kaisu has advoacted plus-PREVENTION
for the
last 30 years.

I publish this because the sad consequences to all of us (stair-case
and
permanent myopia for our children).

Here is the Finnish Medical Societie’s REJECTION of Kaisu’s right to
DISCUSS
THIS ISSUE.

================

RECENT SERIES OF EVENTS IN ITS ENTIRETY which started from Olavi
Pärssinen´s review in the Finnish Medical Journal (6/2009)

(This text is translated into English from the original Finnish
exchange)

Finnish Medical Journal’s discussion policy:

"Public discussion refers to open discussion about material appearing
in this
magazine. Its purpose is to give fresh feedback to the editors and to
provide
our readers with an opportunity for criticism.

The letters will not be published elsewhere without the express
consent of the
writer.

On behalf of the Finnish Medical Journal, the Editors-in chief and
Managing
Editor will reply to comments sent in as necessary."

1) This letter was originally sent in February 12th 2009, by three
patients of
mine – which I have now read – to COMMENT on Olavi Pärssinen’s review
"Pilaako
lukeminen silmät?" (Will reading spoil your eyes?) (The Finnish
Medical Journal
6/2009):

Ophthalmologist, DR. Kaisu Viikari has been speaking for the
prevention of
myopia for more than thirty years.

As we have personal experiences of getting rid of the minus lenses, we
have been
actively following the progress of myopia prevention in the world at
large.

We are thoroughly familiar with all of Viikari’s three works; for
example, in
her most recent book "jotta totuus ei unohtuisi" (2004, 2006) she
refers to an
article that appeared in Duodecim (2003;119:2475) "Likitaittoisuuden
esto
kanoilla ja ihmisillä" (Prevention of myopia in hens and humans).

In this article, Professors of Ophthalmology T. Tervo and L.
Laatikainen from
Helsinki state that slowing down of myopia development with plus
lenses, which
the article that they were discussing referred to (Invest Ophthalmol
Vis Sci
2003:44:2818) was not a new idea.

These are the very problems that Kaisu Viikari has been concerned
about for more
than three decades.

This is why we were surprised to find that among the 55 references of
Olavi
Pärssinen’s review that appeared in the Finnish Medical Journal
6/2009, (Pilaako
lukeminen silmät?) he does not mention this Finnish article that
essentially
touches on the prevention of myopia.

It is difficult to think of a problem that would have such in-depth
consequences
for the wellbeing of mankind as increasing myopia – and in a wider
sense,
accommodation strain – in front of which, however, we do not need to
throw our
towel in and put our hands up.

Names withheld.

2) The Finnish Medical Journal’s reply (6 March 2009):

Thank you for your comment.

I will pass it on to the writer of the article, Olavi Pärssinen.

We will not publish your comments in our Letters column, as we feel
that in this
connection, it would not be in the best interest of our readers.

With friendly greetings, N. N.

The Finnish Medical Journal

3) The Finnish Medical Journal (Lääkärilehti), Helsinki.

I was just informed that a comment written by my patients – which I
have read
and find extremely appropriate – on Olavi Pärssinen’s review was not
regarded as
fit for publishing in the Finnish Medical Journal.

You promised to return to the reply that was sent on 12 February, and
the
sender, when he contacted you again (after 3 weeks), received a reply,
a
negative one, on the 6th of March!

What kind of a magazine can exist on these premises!

If Olavi Pärssinen in his "R e v i e w" of the themes of myopia and
its
prevention wishes to overlook a Finnish reference which recognizes the
decades
of work I have put in for this valid cause (1), that cannot be helped,
but the
Finnish Medical Journal should not join in.

I have now had enough. I have nothing to loose, and this is why I am
not going
to make it easy for the Finnish Medical Journal or other
indoctrinators.

To spare my offspring (even now, 10 of my close family members are in
the field
of medicine; my husband Sauli, my father Artturi Mikkonen and his
brothers Hemmi
and Aarne have already departed), I have reined myself in and kept my
voice
down, but since Providence has given me such a long life – and kept me
in my
senses – there must be a reason.

Besides, I believe that if Sauli were still alive, he would allow me
to open my
mouth, as he had plenty of opportunities to witness all my positive
achievements
and the personal feedback I received.

Starting from the times of Tapani Kosonen and Duodecim, attempts to
suppress
this issue have continued for over 36 years.

The wrongs done to me personally are nothing compared to what the
Finnish people
– and in a wider sense, the whole world – have lost in terms of their
good
health as my message has been silenced.

PANACEA is full of therapeutic "g e m s" – I am bold enough to say
this – which
are too difficult for dimwits to perceive, while they have benefited
my circle
of family and friends and hundreds of patients, but that’s nothing but
a "voice
crying in the wilderness"!

The Finnish Medical Journal is only too willing to give space for
repetitions of
the century-old mantra, such as Pärssinen’s review, which will not
help anybody
to feel better.

Who is responsible for a negligence of this magnitude?

Presumably the Finnish Medical Association, which should be working
for people’s
good health?

To this outburst I am attaching my response to the review, hoping that
the
Finnish Medical Journal will lack the courage to leave it unpublished!

With a collegial greeting

Kaisu Viikari

4) The Finnish Medical Journal

R E P L Y to Olavi Pärssinen’s (1) review, The Finnish Medical Journal
6/2009,
495-8

To begin with, I will content myself with pointing out that in the 55
references
of his review, Pärssinen does not see fit to include the statement by
two
Finnish Professors of Ophthalmology, which indicates that I have for
several
decades promoted the prevention of myopia by plus lenses (2).

The most aggravating part of the review’s message, however, was the
firm belief
in the hereditary nature of myopia, which has long since been found
faulty by
those who understand anything about these matters.

On page 78 of Tetralogia (3); and page 101 of Panacea (4), I write:
"By means of
suggestion, belief in hereditary factors has probably been the most
harmful
influence of all. What is indeed inherited is a set of general
reactions to
life´s situations, includin spasm of accommodation."

A rapidly expanding group of professionals and lay people are
beginning to
understand how fateful this doctrine that has been prevailing for
centuries is,
especially to prevention of myopia. Parents have found comfort in
thinking that
there is nothing they can do about the fate of their children.

The parties who have been the most successful in promoting this cause
are
insightful lay persons, mainly physicists (even today, this applies to
parents
who contact me), who, concerned about the unexpected myopisation of
their
children, have been aroused to use their brains (in the front line,
Ronald S.
Rehm (5) and Klaus Schmid (6) to mention a few diligent ones),
facilitated by
the fact that they are not constrained by that belief in hereditary
nature of
myopia which has been repeated for centuries and which has caused
immeasurable
harm to prevention.

What has turned out to be the greatest obstacle is the lack of
committed
professionals having mastered the concept. When patients telephone me,
their
first question always is if there might be somebody they could turn to
in their
own area. But there just isn’t!

Klaus Schmid has compiled a "Myopia Manual", (6) (first edition 2002)
including
over 1,000 references, page 20 (2004) of which contains the sentence
"The
conclusion is that myopia itself is not inherited".

Attempts to stamp out this heresy of myopia’s hereditary nature have
certainly
emerged from time to time, but they have always been crushed by the
overwhelming
majority of those who are unskilled (and maybe a little afraid of
taking
trouble).

In this connection, I urge the reader to see on my website (7) the
fifth
paragraph under Feedback. It has a illustrative description of what
examining a
patient is all about, and the same information can be found nowhere in
my
writings.

Further, with reference to the serious global situation of today, the
sixth
paragraph of my website under "Miscellaneous", is titled "A Cry for
Help",
intended more than anything to wake up employers to see and realize
what a great
opportunity for improving their employees’ ability to work could be
offered by
relieving accommodation strain (= an attempt to reduce minus values in
lenses
and, on the other hand, strengthening plus glasses).

And thirdly, I would urge you to read case history nr. 306, which can
be found
both in Tetralogia (3) and Panacea (4). It shows how weaning off a
patient who
is fond of his minuses from the glasses may require such a level of
presence and
almost "violence" from the ophthalmologist that, in practice, this is
not even
possible with the great masses.

After visiting my new website, Schmid (6) has this year (2009) first
of all
added to his own site the following:

Other sites about myopia and related issues, which are especially
worth visiting
http://www.kaisuviikari.com/panacea.htm and
http://www.kaisuviikari/books/PANACEA_by_Kaisu_Viikari_1978.pdf

The Internet article "The Secret of Myopia" (8) has, in the feedback
under items
6) and 7), captured the essence of my message: "The problem is no
longer
"science" but rather to get the person to understand true-prevention
BEFORE
he/she even "starts" with the first destructive minus" and which I in
my book
(9), p. 43, on starting
…

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26

May

Refutability and the Scientific Method

It is a known, but sometimes forgotten, principle that for any idea
to be called "scientific", it has to be refutable. For example, the
statement "200 angels can dance on the head of a pin" is not science,
because we don’t know what an "angel" is or how to detect one’s presence
and location. So the idea cannot be refuted and therefore does not fall
into the realm of science.

We have two so-called "alternative" ideas being posted here, namely the
Bates method and what we might call the plus lens method. Regarding these,
all the eye care professionals who post here have (at one time or another)
expressed that they would accept either of these if it could be shown to
work in a clinical trial. So the eye care professionals pass the
refutability test; they are willing to allow their current ideas to be
refuted and have stated the conditions under which they will allow this.

But for our two proponents of these ideas, it is another story.

Otis (plus lens method) does not answer the refutability question
directly, but instead substitutes another question for it and answers
that one instead.

Lelouch (Bates method) will not even discuss the question at all.

The failure of these people to correctly address the refutability question
shows that they are not thinking scientifically, and therefore their posts
have no place on a SCI forum.

I encourage people here to simply stop responding to Otis and Lelouch.
Don’t even bother to call them "idiots". Simply ignore them. Their posts
are not worthy of any attention.

If you are worried that they might mislead people, don’t worry. Just
warn the new people when they show up. Most people are smart enough
to not be fooled by them anyway.

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26

May

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26

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